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20 publications found

THE CONCEPT OF FAIR HEARING AND EXAMINATION MALPRACTICES IN NIGERIA HIGHER INSTITUTIONS

Djoma Victor Ovuakporoye, Obani Izuchukwu Precious

Fairness in examinations is a central ethical principle that sustains trust in educational systems and ensures that learners are assessed equitably on the basis of merit. Examination malpractices, however, undermine this principle by distorting assessment outcomes and eroding integrity in both education and society. Such malpractices include impersonation, leakage of questions, bribery, collusion, and the misuse of technology. This paper examines the concept of fairness and the persistence of examination malpractices in Nigerian tertiary institutions, with attention to their ethical, human rights, and developmental implications. The study adopts a critical analytic and descriptive method, drawing on relevant literature, policy documents, and case examples from Nigerian higher institutions to interrogate the underlying causes of examination malpractices and their impact on academic integrity. The paper finds that weak institutional frameworks, poor value orientation, inadequate supervision, and the misuse of digital technologies have deepened the problem, threatening fair assessment, promoting corruption, and undermining students’ learning outcomes. It further observes that although technological tools such as Artificial Intelligence (AI) and e-proctoring can help to curb malpractice, they require ethical deployment and human accountability. The paper concludes that fostering fairness in examinations requires a combination of value-driven education, transparent policies, accountability among stakeholders, and appropriate technological innovations. Strengthening fairness in assessment is therefore essential for building trust in educational qualifications, promoting integrity, and advancing sustainable development in contemporary society.

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UK Aid, Migration, and Neo-Colonial Extraction: A Comparative Study of Social Representation in India and Nigeria

Izuchukwu Precious Obani, Theresa Ojevwe Akroh, Zino Izu-Obani,…

In an era defined by the "Global Britain" strategy and post-pandemic recovery efforts, the United Kingdom's engagement with former colonies through aid and migration frameworks continues to be portrayed as mutually beneficial development partnerships. This research demonstrates that these frameworks operate as sophisticated mechanisms of neo-colonial extraction, systematically transferring both financial and human capital from postcolonial states to the metropole. Through comparative analysis of India and Nigeria, this study examines how contemporary UK aid and migration policies reshape social representations, collective identity constructs, and indigenous knowledge systems. Employing a mixed-methods approach, including surveys (N = 800) and 80 in-depth interviews conducted in 2024, we investigate how aid discourses and migration aspirations interact to produce culturally hybrid but psychologically destabilized identities. Quantitative analysis reveals a strong correlation between the escalating financial burdens of migration (including the 66% IHS surcharge increase in 2024) and perceptions of extractive UK relationships (r = 0.67, p < .01). Qualitative findings further demonstrate that migration and aid collectively reorient youth futurity toward external validation while systematically marginalizing indigenous knowledge systems. We argue that UK development and migration policies sustain a form of cultural dependency that reproduces colonial hierarchies under the veneer of mutual benefit, with significant implications for both source countries and the UK's ethical standing in a multipolar world.

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Poverty as Common Denominator Trauma: Financial Behavior of Nigerians Living in the UK

Izuchukwu Precious Obani

This paper explores how poverty functions as a form of psychological trauma among Nigerians living in the United Kingdom. Drawing on recent data, migrant testimonies, and sociological theory, it examines how trauma rooted in economic scarcity manifests in financial behaviors such as hoarding, hyper-saving, and guilt-induced spending patterns. These behaviors, often misunderstood as irrational or excessively cautious, are reframed as survival strategies shaped by a legacy of systemic insecurity, economic precarity, and intergenerational transmission of scarcity consciousness.

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The Role of Alternative and Complementary Medicine in Modern Health Care: Integrating Traditional Healing Practices with Evidence-Based Medicine

Djoma Victor Ovuakporoye, Dr Obani Izuchukwu Precious

Alternative and Complementary Medicine (ACM) has gained global recognition as an essential component of modern healthcare, bridging traditional healing practices with evidence-based medicine. While conventional medicine remains the dominant healthcare approach, many individuals turn to ACM for holistic treatment, symptom management, and overall well-being. This paper explores the role of ACM in contemporary healthcare systems, examining its benefits, challenges, and integration with conventional medical practices. The study highlights key ACM modalities, including herbal medicine, acupuncture, chiropractic care, naturopathy, and mind-body therapies, analyzing their efficacy through scientific research and cultural perspectives. The increasing acceptance of ACM by medical professionals and policymakers is driven by patient demand, scientific validation, and the pursuit of a more patient-centered approach to healthcare. However, concerns regarding standardization, regulation, and potential interactions with conventional treatments pose significant challenges. Using a multidisciplinary lens, this paper advocates for a balanced integration of ACM with mainstream medicine, emphasizing the need for rigorous clinical research, regulatory frameworks, and collaborative healthcare models. By fostering an evidence-based approach, ACM can complement conventional medicine, offering personalized and culturally sensitive healthcare solutions that enhance patient outcomes.

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IMPACT OF JAPA SYNDROME ON THE HEALTH SECTOR IN NIGERIA

Djoma Victor Ovuakporoye, Obani Izuchukwu Precious

The "Japa Syndrome," characterized by the mass migration of Nigerian professionals seeking better opportunities abroad, has significantly affected the country's health sector. This exodus of skilled health workers is driven by factors such as poor remuneration, inadequate infrastructure, etc leaving a vacuum that strains an already fragile system. The problem to be addressed in this paper is the severe impact of the "Japa Syndrome" on Nigeria’s health sector, which has resulted in a critical shortage of skilled healthcare professionals. Qualitative method was employed. In terms of technique, a systematic review process was utilized to identify and analyze relevant literature this study. Findings reveal a critical shortage of qualified personnel, increased workload for remaining staff, and declining quality of healthcare services etc. The study recommends policy reforms that include improved remuneration, enhanced working conditions, and investment in health infrastructure to retain skilled professionals and mitigate the adverse effects of migration. The contribution to knowledge include empiric332 framework for policy intervention, insight into workforce burnout and mental health and enhanced understanding of economic implications.

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AIR POLLUTION AND PUBLIC HEALTH: EXAMINING THE CORRELATION BETWEEN PM2.5 LEVELS AND RESPIRATORY DISEASES IN MAJOR CITIES IN NIGERIA

Izuchukwu Precious Obani

Air pollution poses a significant and escalating public health challenge in rapidly urbanizing regions, particularly in developing countries. This study investigates the correlation between ambient PM2.5 (particulate matter with diameter ?2.5 micrometers) levels and the prevalence of respiratory diseases in major Nigerian cities, including Lagos, Abuja, Port Harcourt, and Kano. Leveraging air quality monitoring data from 2018 to 2023 alongside hospital records and public health reports, we employed a mixed-methods approach combining geospatial analysis, regression modeling, and health impact assessments to quantify the relationship between PM2.5 exposure and incidence rates of respiratory illnesses such as asthma, bronchitis, and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). The findings reveal a statistically significant positive correlation between elevated PM2.5 concentrations and increased respiratory morbidity, particularly among vulnerable populations such as children and the elderly. Seasonal variations and proximity to industrial or high-traffic zones further intensified health risks. This study underscores the urgent need for national air quality standards, improved emission control policies, and targeted public health interventions. Strengthening environmental monitoring infrastructure and integrating air pollution mitigation into Nigeria�s urban development strategy are crucial steps toward safeguarding population health and achieving environmental justice.

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Assessing the Effectiveness of Waste Management Policies in Reducing Plastic Pollution: A Case Study of the EU and Africa

Chinwe Sheila Nwachukwu, Izuchukwu Precious Obani, Zino Izu Obani,…

Plastic pollution remains a pressing environmental challenge, posing significant threats to marine ecosystems, biodiversity, and human health. This study assesses the effectiveness of waste management policies in reducing plastic pollution, focusing on a comparative case study of the European Union (EU) and Africa. The research examines key policy frameworks, regulatory measures, and implementation strategies adopted in both regions, analyzing their impact on plastic waste reduction. The EU has pioneered stringent regulations, including the Single-Use Plastics Directive, Extended Producer Responsibility (EPR) schemes, and Circular Economy Action Plans, which have led to measurable reductions in plastic waste and increased recycling rates. In contrast, Africa faces unique challenges such as inadequate infrastructure, weak enforcement mechanisms, and limited financial resources, although promising initiatives like plastic bag bans, community-driven recycling programs, and international partnerships have emerged in several countries. By comparing policy successes and challenges in both regions, this study identifies critical factors influencing waste management efficiency, including policy enforcement, stakeholder collaboration, and financial investment. The findings underscore the need for integrated, adaptive policies that balance regulatory measures with sustainable development goals. The study concludes with recommendations for enhancing waste management strategies globally, emphasizing innovation, cross-border cooperation, and public engagement as key drivers of a plastic-free future.

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THE ECONOMIC COSTS OF CLIMATE DISASTERS: ANALYZING DATA FROM RECENT FLOODS, WILDFIRES, AND HURRICANES

Izuchukwu Precious Obani, Zino Izu Obani, Prof Frank Chudi Anaeto,…

Climate disasters, including floods, wildfires, and hurricanes, have imposed significant economic costs on governments, businesses, and communities worldwide. As the frequency and intensity of these disasters escalate due to climate change, there is an urgent need for data-driven economic analysis to assess their financial impact and inform policy responses. This study examines the direct and indirect economic costs of climate-related disasters, drawing from recent case studies across different regions. Using a mixed-method approach, this research integrates economic data from disaster response agencies, insurance reports, and government assessments to evaluate the financial burdens of climate disasters. The findings indicate that flooding results in infrastructure damage and economic displacement, wildfires disrupt agriculture, tourism, and air quality, and hurricanes lead to massive property losses and long-term GDP reductions. Additionally, the study highlights the hidden costs of climate disasters, such as supply chain disruptions, public health crises, and loss of biodiversity. The research underscores the urgent need for enhanced climate resilience investments, improved disaster risk management, and stronger financial protection mechanisms such as climate insurance and sustainable infrastructure development. By analyzing historical economic losses and policy responses, this study provides strategic recommendations for mitigating financial risks and strengthening global economic resilience against climate-induced disasters. These insights will be valuable for policymakers, economists, and environmental planners in designing data-driven climate adaptation strategies.

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Evaluating the Success of Circular Economy Models in Reducing Waste: Evidence from Europe and China

Chinwe Sheila Nwachukwu, Izuchukwu Precious Obani, Zino Izu Obani,…

The circular economy (CE) model has emerged as a transformative strategy for reducing waste, promoting resource efficiency, and mitigating environmental degradation. Unlike the traditional linear economy, which follows a �take-make-dispose� approach, the circular economy emphasizes waste prevention, material reuse, recycling, and sustainable production. This study evaluates the success of circular economy models in Europe and China, two global leaders in adopting and implementing CE frameworks, to assess their effectiveness in waste reduction and resource management. Europe has taken a policy-driven approach, with comprehensive regulations such as the EU Circular Economy Action Plan and the Waste Framework Directive, which have led to significant improvements in recycling rates, landfill reduction, and eco-innovation in product design. The EU�s Extended Producer Responsibility (EPR) schemes and strict waste management regulations have also played a crucial role in reducing industrial and municipal waste, while fostering the development of sustainable business models. On the other hand, China�s circular economy strategy is heavily influenced by industrial symbiosis and large-scale waste-to-resource initiatives, driven by policies such as the Circular Economy Promotion Law and Made in China 2025. China has focused on scaling up circular industrial parks, urban mining, and electronic waste (e-waste) recycling, demonstrating a unique approach that integrates economic development with environmental sustainability. Despite these successes, both Europe and China face persistent challenges in fully realizing circular economy goals. Policy enforcement gaps, economic barriers, and industry adaptation hurdles continue to pose obstacles, while issues related to consumer participation, supply chain integration, and technological advancements remain critical factors influencing long-term success. Additionally, the effectiveness of CE policies varies between different sectors and regions, highlighting the need for localized strategies and adaptive frameworks. This study underscores the necessity of multistakeholder collaboration, involving governments, businesses, and consumers, to enhance circular economy performance. It also highlights key lessons for other nations aiming to transition toward a zero-waste, resource-efficient future. By integrating circular economy principles into global sustainability efforts, CE models can play a pivotal role in reducing environmental impact, conserving natural resources, and fostering long-term economic resilience. Strengthening global partnerships, investing in innovative technologies, and enhancing regulatory frameworks will be essential for maximizing the potential of circular economy models in achieving a truly sustainable and waste-free world.

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Impact of Deforestation on Carbon Emissions: A Data-Driven Study of the Amazon and Southeast Asia

Chinwe Sheila Nwachukwu Izuchukwu Precious Obani, Zino Izu Obani,…

Deforestation remains one of the most significant contributors to global carbon emissions, with the Amazon rainforest and Southeast Asian forests serving as critical carbon sinks. This study provides a data-driven analysis of deforestation trends in these regions, examining their impact on atmospheric carbon levels and climate change. Using satellite imagery, carbon flux data, and deforestation rates, this research quantifies the extent to which forest loss contributes to rising CO? emissions. Findings indicate that deforestation in the Amazon and Southeast Asia is driven primarily by agricultural expansion, illegal logging, and infrastructure development, leading to substantial carbon release and ecosystem degradation. The study highlights regional disparities in deforestation rates, carbon sequestration potential, and policy effectiveness, with the Amazon experiencing high rates of illegal deforestation and Southeast Asia facing palm oil-driven forest loss. Comparative analysis of existing mitigation strategies, such as REDD+ (Reducing Emissions from Deforestation and Forest Degradation), reforestation efforts, and stricter land-use policies, reveals varying levels of success across both regions. The research underscores the need for strengthened enforcement mechanisms, sustainable land-use practices, and enhanced international cooperation to curb deforestation-driven emissions. By integrating advanced data analytics and policy evaluation, this study provides valuable insights for governments, conservation organizations, and policymakers seeking to develop more effective strategies for forest conservation and carbon emission reduction. Addressing deforestation in these critical regions is essential for achieving global climate targets and preserving biodiversity.

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Public-Private Collaborations in Waste Management Evaluating Policy Effectiveness and Governance Models in Nigeria

Izuchukwu Precious Obani, Zino Izu Obani, Prof Frank Chudi Anaeto,…

Effective waste management remains a critical challenge in Nigeria, where rapid urbanization and population growth have outpaced existing waste disposal and recycling systems. Public-private collaborations (PPCs) have emerged as a viable governance model to address these inefficiencies by leveraging government policies and private sector innovations to enhance waste collection, recycling, and sustainable waste disposal. This study evaluates the effectiveness of policy frameworks and governance models guiding public-private partnerships in Nigeria�s waste management sector, examining their impact on efficiency, sustainability, and environmental protection.

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Sustainability Education in International Schools: A Policy Analysis of Implementation and Challenges in the United Kingdom

Izuchukwu Precious Obani, Zino Izu Obani, Prof Frank Chudi Anaeto,…

Sustainability education has emerged as a critical pillar of 21st-century learning, particularly within international schools that serve as global hubs for fostering environmental awareness and sustainable practices. This study examines the implementation and challenges of sustainability education policies in international schools across the United Kingdom, focusing on policy frameworks, institutional adoption, curriculum integration, and barriers to effective execution. Through a policy analysis approach, this research evaluates the extent to which national education policies, international sustainability guidelines (e.g., UNESCO�s Education for Sustainable Development - ESD framework), and school-specific initiatives contribute to the integration of sustainability principles in educational settings. Findings highlight disparities in implementation, where some international schools have fully embedded sustainability in curricula, extracurricular activities, and school operations, while others struggle due to policy inconsistencies, resource constraints, lack of teacher training, and competing academic priorities. The study further explores the role of governance structures, accreditation bodies (e.g., Council of International Schools), and multi-stakeholder engagement in shaping sustainability education within international schools. Comparative case studies reveal that schools with strong policy alignment, administrative commitment, and active student participation tend to achieve more meaningful sustainability outcomes. However, systemic challenges such as financial limitations, resistance to curricular reforms, and the absence of standardized sustainability assessment metrics hinder broader policy success. This research provides policy recommendations aimed at enhancing sustainability education in international schools, including greater policy coherence, mandatory sustainability literacy programs, increased funding for green initiatives, and teacher capacity-building programs. By fostering a more structured and policy-driven approach, international schools in the UK can better equip students with the knowledge, skills, and values necessary to address global sustainability challenges. The findings contribute to the growing discourse on sustainability education policy implementation, offering insights for policymakers, school administrators, educators, and accreditation bodies working toward a more sustainable future in international education.

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The Role of Environmental Governance in Combating Climate Change: Analyzing COP28 Agreements and their Implementation

Izuchukwu Precious Obani, Zino Izu Obani, Prof Frank Chudi Anaeto,…

Environmental governance is a fundamental pillar in the global fight against climate change, serving as the framework through which policies, regulations, and international agreements are developed, implemented, and enforced. The 28th Conference of the Parties (COP28) represented a critical juncture in international climate negotiations, bringing together world leaders, policymakers, scientists, and stakeholders to forge new commitments aimed at accelerating climate action. This paper provides a comprehensive analysis of the key agreements reached during COP28, examining their scope, feasibility, and projected impact on global efforts to limit greenhouse gas emissions and enhance climate resilience. A key focus of this study is the effectiveness of COP28 agreements in addressing long-standing challenges in climate governance, such as financial commitments for developing nations, technology transfer, emission reduction targets, and the operationalization of the Loss and Damage Fund. By comparing these agreements with previous climate accords, such as the Paris Agreement and the Glasgow Climate Pact, this research evaluates the extent to which COP28 has advanced global climate action and whether its implementation mechanisms are robust enough to ensure meaningful progress. Additionally, this paper explores the role of various stakeholders�including national governments, intergovernmental organizations, the private sector, and civil society�in enforcing and monitoring climate commitments. The analysis highlights the critical role of international cooperation, financial mechanisms, and innovative technologies in overcoming obstacles to implementation. Furthermore, this study assesses the political, economic, and social factors that may influence the success or failure of COP28 resolutions, emphasizing the importance of accountability and transparency in environmental governance. The findings reveal both opportunities and challenges in translating COP28 commitments into actionable strategies that yield tangible results. While the conference has provided a renewed impetus for climate action, significant hurdles remain in aligning national policies with global objectives, securing adequate funding, and ensuring equitable climate adaptation measures. This research contributes to the broader discourse on environmental governance by offering insights into the evolving landscape of climate diplomacy, the practical implications of COP28 decisions, and the future trajectory of international climate policy. It underscores the urgent need for sustained multilateral cooperation, stronger regulatory frameworks, and a paradigm shift toward sustainable development to achieve long-term climate goals.

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Smart Cities And Circular Economy Advancing Waste Management Through Urban Innovation In Nigeria

Izuchukwu Precious Obani, Zino Izu Obani, Prof Frank Chudi Anaeto,…

The increasing rate of urbanization in Nigeria has led to significant challenges in waste management, environmental sustainability, and resource efficiency. As cities expand, conventional waste management systems struggle to keep pace with rising waste generation, leading to pollution, inefficient resource utilization, and public health concerns. This study explores how the integration of smart city innovations and circular economy principles can transform waste management systems, fostering a more sustainable urban future. Through an in-depth analysis of emerging technologies, policy frameworks, and stakeholder engagement, the research identifies key strategies for leveraging IoT-enabled waste collection, AI-driven sorting, blockchain for waste tracking, and digital monitoring systems to enhance waste efficiency and promote sustainable recycling industries. The study also examines the role of urban governance, infrastructure investment, and public-private partnerships in driving the transition toward smart and sustainable waste management in Nigerian cities. Case studies from global smart city initiatives, as well as localized interventions within Nigeria, are analyzed to identify best practices and scalable solutions. Findings reveal that data-driven decision-making, waste-to-energy innovations, and community participation are critical components of an effective smart waste management ecosystem. Additionally, the research highlights the economic opportunities associated with circular economy practices, such as job creation in waste recycling, value chain optimization, and the promotion of sustainable production models. Despite the promising benefits, challenges such as regulatory gaps, financial constraints, inadequate digital infrastructure, and limited public awareness pose significant barriers to implementation. The study concludes by recommending policy interventions, capacity-building programs, and investment in smart urban infrastructure to support the adoption of smart and circular economy-based waste management solutions. By aligning smart city development with circular economy principles, Nigerian cities can reduce environmental pollution, minimize landfill dependency, and enhance urban resilience, ultimately contributing to a greener and more sustainable future. This research offers valuable insights for policymakers, urban planners, technology developers, and waste management stakeholders, emphasizing the urgent need for a paradigm shift toward sustainable and technologically advanced urban waste management systems in Nigeria.

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From Cities to Villages A Comparative Study of Waste Management Policies

Izuchukwu Precious Obani, Zino Izu-Obani

Waste management is a critical environmental and public health issue that affects both urban and rural communities worldwide. While cities generate vast amounts of waste due to high population density and industrial activity, villages face distinct challenges related to limited infrastructure, financial constraints, and public awareness. This study presents a comparative analysis of waste management policies in urban and rural areas, evaluating their effectiveness, sustainability, and socio-economic impact. The research examines key policy frameworks, waste collection methods, recycling strategies, and technological innovations in both settings. It highlights how cities employ advanced waste treatment technologies, such as smart waste collection systems, waste-to-energy conversion, and large-scale recycling programs, whereas villages rely more on decentralized approaches like community-led waste segregation, organic composting, and informal recycling networks. Through case studies of urban centers such as New York and London and rural communities in India and Scandinavia, the study identifies best practices and areas for policy improvement. Findings suggest that while urban areas benefit from structured regulations and technological advancements, rural communities exhibit higher efficiency in waste reduction through sustainable and locally adaptable methods. However, both systems face challenges, including inadequate public participation, enforcement gaps, and financial constraints. This study underscores the importance of an integrated approach, combining urban technological advancements with rural sustainability practices, to create a hybrid waste management model that enhances efficiency, minimizes environmental impact, and promotes community engagement. It concludes with policy recommendations aimed at fostering sustainable waste management solutions applicable to both cities and villages.

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Global Education Policies and Their Influence on Environmental Sustainability

Izuchukwu Precious Obani, Zino Izu-Obani

In the face of escalating environmental challenges such as climate change, biodiversity loss, deforestation, and resource depletion, education has emerged as a crucial tool for fostering sustainability. Global education policies play a pivotal role in shaping environmental awareness, instilling sustainable practices, and influencing both individual behaviors and large-scale policy frameworks. This study explores the intersection between education policies and environmental sustainability, assessing how national and international educational frameworks contribute to sustainable development. The research examines how international organizations, governments, and educational institutions incorporate sustainability principles into curricula, teacher training, and policy structures. Key international policies such as the United Nations Sustainable Development Goal (SDG) 4.7, UNESCO�s Education for Sustainable Development (ESD), the Paris Agreement�s climate education provisions, and OECD�s guidelines on green skills provide foundational strategies for integrating sustainability into education. Additionally, national policies from developed and developing countries are analyzed to assess their effectiveness in promoting environmental responsibility among students and the general public.

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The Impact of Environmental Regulations on Foreign Direct Investment: Evidence from an Emerging Economy

Izuchukwu Precious Obani, Zino Izu-Obani, Theresa Ojevwe Akroh

The study investigated the impact of environmental regulations on foreign direct investment: Evidence from an emerging economy. Data from 2005 to 2023 was employed in the study. The Granger causality and ordinary least square (OLS) technique was used to estimate the data. The finding showed that environmental regulation Granger causes foreign direct investment, but foreign direct investment does not Granger cause environmental regulation. There is a bi-directional causal relationship between carbon emission and FDI. It is observed that GDP Granger causes FDI, but FDI does not Granger cause GDP. Also, environmental regulation impacts FDI negatively and is statistically insignificant. A negative insignificant relationship between carbon emissions and FDI is observed. A negative and significant relationship exists between GDP and FDI. Based on the findings from the study, the following recommendations are made: policymakers should focus on improving the regulatory environment in ways that encourage sustainable development, and policymakers should consider improving factors like infrastructure, human capital, and the business environment to offset the negative relationship between GDP and FDI in order to attract more foreign investments.

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Evaluating the effectiveness of environmental taxes: A Case study of carbon pricing in the UK as a tool to reducing Greenhouse Gases Emissions

Izuchukwu Precious OBANI, Theresa Ojevwe AKROH

This paper evaluated the effectiveness of environmental taxes and adopted a case study approach which used carbon pricing in the UK as a tool to reducing Greenhouse Gases Emissions. The objectives of the research are to determine the effect of carbon pricing on greenhouse gases emissions in the United Kingdom, evaluate how fossil energy depletion affect greenhouse gases emissions in the United Kingdom and ascertain the effect of total energy consumption from different energy mix on greenhouse gases emissions in the United Kingdom. The paper used an ex post facto research design and the estimated model was estimated using the ordinary least squares regression technique. The data were sourced from different sources and covered the period between 2010 and 2023. The findings of the study revealed that carbon pricing is an effective tool for reducing greenhouse gases emissions in the UK while renewable energy is also a significant tool for reducing greenhouse gases emissions. Based on these findings, the study recommends that the government should consider increasing the carbon price incrementally over time to ensure that it continues to effectively discourage high-emission activities.

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Renewable Energy and Economic Growth: An Empirical Analysis of the Relationship between Solar Power and GDP

Izuchukwu Precious OBANI, Zino IZU-OBANI, Theresa Ojevwe AKROH

This study explored the impact of renewable energy on economic growth, with a specific focus on analyzing the relationship between solar power and GDP. Utilizing an ex post facto research design, the formulated model was estimated using the ordinary least squares regression technique. Data for the study were obtained from the World Bank�s World Development Indicators, covering the period from 1990 to 2023. The findings revealed that renewable energy consumption, used as a proxy for solar power, has a positive but statistically insignificant impact on economic growth. Carbon emissions exhibited a positive and significant effect on economic growth. Similarly, foreign direct investment showed a positive and significant effect on economic growth. The trade balance also had a positive impact, though it was not statistically significant. Additionally, the study found that solar power consumption does not have a statistically significant causal effect on GDP, but GDP does Granger-cause solar power consumption. A bidirectional causality exists between carbon emissions and GDP. Based on these findings, the study recommends that the government increase investment in solar infrastructure, implement policies that support a gradual transition to renewable energy sources alongside carbon mitigation strategies, and foster an investor-friendly environment through measures such as tax incentives and streamlined regulatory processes.

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Analysis of the Effect of Climate Change Adaptation Measures Used by Cassava Farmers in Central Agricultural Zone of Cross River State, Nigeria

Edet, Akedo Ibiang, Izuchukwu Precious Obani, Enwerem, V A, Oruh,…

The study examined an analysis of the effect of climate change adaptation measures used by cassava farmers in a central agricultural zone, Cross River State, Nigeria. A systematic sampling technique was used to select 141 Cassava farmers who participated in the study. Data collected were analyzed using descriptive statistics and a logit model. Adaptation measures and barriers to adaptation were captured using a four (4) point Likert scale, while the data on socio-economic characteristics were analyzed using descriptive statistics such as percentage and frequency, while hypothesis one was tested using a logit regression model and hypothesis two was tested using Chi-square x2. The findings show that (74.80/0) of the respondents were between the ages of 31 years and above. The majority of the respondents were males (50.10/0), while 480/0 of them were females and were mainly dominated by the married class (50.30/0). The study reveals that the major cause of climate change in the study area is bush burning, which was ranked first; using agricultural chemicals was ranked second; and deforestation was ranked third, respectively. While the climate change effects were reducing rainfall, was ranked first pest and disease outbreaks and drought were ranked second and third, respectively, as the most adverse effects caused by climate change in the study area. The study also shows that farmers have been able to carry out some adaptation measures to combat the effect of climate change, such as the use of improved cassava varieties, the use of green manure, early planting, change of planting date, change of harvesting date and tillage. It was also revealed that the barriers associated with climate change mitigation include lack of access to weather forecast technology, inadequate finance to cope with the changing climate, and lack of cassava varieties that are adaptable to low rainfall. The result of the Chi-square x2 test on the relationship between the effect of climate change and the adaptive measures used by cassava farmers in the study area shows that x2 values of 287.3 of the effect of climate change on cassava production are greater than the tabulated value of 0.0922. The result, therefore, indicates that there is a significant relationship between the effect of climate change and the adaptive measures used by cassava farmers. The positive sign associated with the variables in the logit regression model improved varieties of cassava stem, green manure, early planting, and mulching would increase cassava yield. It was recommended that policy-makers formulate policies that will strengthen climate adaptation in the study area. View

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